Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as the ginkgo or maidenhair tree, is the only living species in the division Ginkgophyta, all others being extinct. It is native to China and has been cultivated for thousands of years for various uses. Ginkgo trees are known for their distinctive fan-shaped leaves and their resilience, often living for over a thousand years. They have a dormancy period during the winter months.
Ginkgo biloba trees prefer full sun and moderate temperatures. They are quite hardy and can tolerate a range of conditions, but they thrive best in temperate climates. Water the tree regularly, allowing the soil to dry out partially between waterings. Maintain moderate humidity levels.
Soil
Ginkgo biloba prefers well-draining loamy soil. It can tolerate a range of soil types but performs best in soil that is slightly acidic to neutral. Ensure the soil has good drainage to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilizer
Use a balanced fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10. Fertilize in the early spring and again in mid-summer to support healthy growth. Avoid over-fertilizing as this can harm the tree.
Repotting
Young ginkgo trees can be repotted every 2-3 years to refresh the soil and provide more space for root growth. Repot in the early spring before new growth begins. Ensure the new pot has good drainage and use a well-draining soil mix.
Propagation
Ginkgo biloba can be propagated from seeds or cuttings. Seeds should be stratified before planting, while cuttings should be taken in late summer and treated with rooting hormone before planting in a well-draining medium.
Pruning
Prune ginkgo trees in late winter or early spring before new growth starts. Remove any dead, damaged, or crossing branches to maintain a healthy structure. Light pruning can also help shape the tree.
Toxicity
Ginkgo biloba is generally non-toxic to pets and humans. However, the seeds (when consumed in large quantities) can be toxic due to the presence of ginkgotoxin. It is advisable to avoid ingestion of the seeds.
Additional
Ginkgo biloba is known for its remarkable resistance to pests and diseases, making it a low-maintenance tree. It is also highly tolerant of urban pollution, making it a popular choice for city landscaping.
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